What is Oligohydramnios sequence?
The oligohydramnios sequence (OS) is manifest in newborns when prolonged oligohydramnios has been present during pregnancy. The most important signs are an infant small for gestational age, with wrinkled skin, Potter facies, compression deformities of the limbs, and respiratory distress caused by pulmonary hypoplasia.
What does oligohydramnios mean?
Oligohydramnios is when you have too little amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid is the fluid that surrounds your baby in your uterus (womb).
How do you measure oligohydramnios?
How is oligohydramnios diagnosed? If you have any signs of low amniotic fluid, your healthcare provider will measure the amount of amniotic fluid in your uterus using an ultrasound. If the amount of fluid is less than the recommended amount for the gestational age of your fetus, you may have oligohydramnios.
How do you treat a potter sequence?
There is no treatment for Potter syndrome due to bilateral absence of the kidneys, which is not compatible with life.
Is Potter syndrome a sequence?
Potter syndrome, also known as Potter sequence, is a rare disorder that an infant is born with when there is a lack of amniotic fluid, the clear liquid that surrounds the fetus, during pregnancy (i.e., in utero). Amniotic fluid supports, cushions, and protects the developing fetus in the uterus.
What is oligohydramnios PDF?
Oligohydramnios is a disorder of amniotic fluid resulting in decreased amniotic fluid volume for gestational age. Low amniotic fluid volumes can be the result of numerous maternal, fetal, or placental complications and can lead to poor fetal outcomes.
How is amniotic fluid measured?
Before 24 weeks or in pregnancy with multiples, amniotic fluid is measured via ultrasound with a method called the “maximum vertical pocket.” The ultrasound technician will scan your uterus to find and measure the single deepest pocket of amniotic fluid they can. A normal measurement is 2 to 8 centimeters (cm).
Why is it called Potter syndrome?
Edith Potter, who noticed that these newborns had an identifiable physical appearance: wrinkly skin, low-set ears, flat nose and chin, and widely separated eyes with epicanthal folds, or folds in the inner corners of the eyes. This combination of physical characteristics is known as Potter facies.
What causes of oligohydramnios?
Oligohydramnios can be caused by uteroplacental insufficiency, drugs, fetal abnormalities, or rupture of membranes. It can cause problems in the fetus (eg, growth restriction, limb contractures, death, delayed lung maturation, inability to tolerate labor).
What is the nursing diagnosis oligohydramnios?
Oligohydramnios is a deficient volume of amniotic fluid; it is associated with maternal and fetal complications. Diagnosis is by ultrasonographic measurement of amniotic fluid volume. Management involves close monitoring and serial ultrasonographic assessments.
What is Potter disease?
Potter syndrome and Potter phenotype refers to a group of findings associated with a lack of amniotic fluid and kidney failure in an unborn infant. Amniotic fluid not only protects the fetus from injury and temperature changes, it also is circulated by the fetus every 3 hours.
What is Anhydramnios pregnancy?
The absence of amniotic fluid due to lack of urine production by the fetal kidneys is known as anhydramnios. Early pregnancy renal anhydramnios or EPRA is thought to be 100% lethal after birth if left untreated because of neonatal respiratory failure.
What is normal MVP?
The normal range for MVP is 2-8 cm: a pocket <2cm is considered oligohydramnios in both single and multifetal gestations An MVP > 8 is considered polyhydramnios. The amniotic fluid index (AFI) is an alternative assessment of AFV.
When is AFI measured?
25 weeks of
The AFI is typically measured after 25 weeks of gestation. A normal AFI measures greater than 5 cm and less than 24 cm. Oligohydramnios is diagnosed if the AFI measures less than or equal to 5 cm, and polyhydramnios is diagnosed if the AFI is greater than 24 cm.
How is AFI calculated?
To calculate the amniotic fluid index (AFI), the anteroposterior diameters of the largest empty fluid pocket (no umbilical cord or fetal parts) in each quadrant are added together. The AFI is normally 7 to 25 cm. In addition, each individual pocket of fluid should be 2 to 8 cm.
What are the effects of oligohydramnios?
Oligohydramnios increases the risk of miscarriage or stillbirth. It can also cause the baby to be born with severe abnormalities, including underdeveloped lungs. This is because amniotic fluid plays an essential role in lung development.
What are the clinical correlates of oligohydramnios?
The clinical consequences of oligohydramnios, which can range from stillbirth or perinatal asphyxia due to severe, prolonged umbilical cord compression to intermittent but inconsequential fetal heart rate decelerations during labor, are more frequent in cases of severely decreased amniotic fluid volume.
What is Potter syndrome?
What is the pathophysiology of oligohydramnios sequence?
When oligohydramnios sequence is caused by fetal kidney failure, urine output after birth is low or absent. Limited amniotic fluid also interferes with normal lung development.
What facial features are seen in oligohydramnios sequence?
The facial features seen in oligohydramnios sequence include a flattened face, wide-set eyes, a flattened, beaked nose, ears set lower on the head than expected (low-set ears), and a small, receding chin (micrognathia).
Will oligohydramnios sequence occur again in future pregnancies?
The chance for oligohydramnios sequence to occur again in a future pregnancy or in a family member’s pregnancy is dependant on the underlying problem or syndrome that caused the oligohydramnios sequence to develop.
What are the sonographic criteria for the diagnosis of oligohydramnios?
Several sonographic criteria can be used which include: Development of oligohydramnios early in pregnancy is generally a poor prognostic marker. Amnio-infusion can be attempted in severe cases if appropriate. 1. Ralph Weissleder, Jack Wittenberg, Mukesh G. Harisinghani.